Geopark
Taman Bumi


Geopark
in Indonesia




Geopark

Taman Bumi

A geopark is a protected area with internationally significant geology within which sustainable development is sought and which includes tourism, conservation, education and research concerning not just geology but other relevant sciences.

Today the geopark is virtually synonymous with the UNESCO geopark, which is defined and managed under the voluntary authority of UNESCO’s International Geoscience and Geoparks Programe (IGGP). UNESCO provides a standard for geoparks and a certification service to parks that apply for it. The service is available to member states of UNESCO. .

National Geoparks

A “national geopark” is a post de facto designation by UNESCO of a “geographical area” or a transnational geographical area already known to be “of international, regional, and/or national importance” as a candidate geopark. It has not yet been certified as belonging to a regional or the global UNESCO geopark network.

It has been “already inscribed” as a member of some other network; that is, “national geopark” is a sort of floating candidacy that can be attached to any other parkland of interest, after which attachment the parkland qualifies for the designation of geopark. The candidates so designated are termed a “national network for geoparks.”

If it exists in a member nation all geoparks of the regional network in that nation as well as the global network must also belong to it.

Some of the networks from which UNESCO national geoparks might be chosen are World Heritage Sites, Agenda 21, Man and the Biosphere Programme. UNESCO also provides a list of recommended geosite types, such as “minerals and mineral resources,” “fossils,” etc.

The national networks (one for each nation) are intended as the bottom level of the bottom-up system. They support national conservation, education, cultural development, research, as well as economic sustainability. There is some effort to control conflict of mandate; for example, Fossils are not allowed to be sold, which practice would favor sustainability, but work against conservation.

For some geoparks, the conflict between geotourist development and the conservation of archaeological sites is a severe one, reaching the law courts. As with the other levels of geopark, the parks are subject to review for recertification every four years.

Currently Indonesia has National Geoparks namely : Gunung Sewu; Merangin; Rinjani; Lake Toba; Gunung Batur; Ciletuh; Sianok; Sawahlunto; Silokek; Belitong; Natuna; Krakatoa; Bayah Dome; Pongkor; Padalarang; Karangbolong; Dieng; Bojonegoro; Ijen; Tambora; Meratus; Sangkulirang; Maros; Lake Poso; Limboto; and Raja Ampat.

Geopark - Taman Bumi


Geopark in Indonesia

National Geoparks
0
Global Geoparks
0

UNESCO Global Geoparks

A global geopark is one that has been certified to the fullest extent, and is therefore a member of UNESCO’s global network of geoparks. It is per se also a member of a regional geopark network and also a member of a national geopark network, if its nation has one, or a transnational geopark.

A certification is good for four years, after which it must be certified again. In the language of certification, a recertified global geopark is termed a “green-card geopark.”[x] If a geopark fails recertification it is given two years to pass, in which it is a “yellow-card geopark.”[xi] After two years if it is still unrecertified it is a “red-card geopark;” that is, no longer a geopark, and is removed from connection with or concern by UNESCO.

To reapply, it must start the application over. Recertified geoparks do not have to keep the same borders; only a portion may be recertified.

Among those nationals Geoparks above, there are 10 (ten) that have been designated by UNESCO as Global Geopark, namely: Batur; Belitong; Ciletuh; Gunung Sewu; Lake Toba; Maros Pangkep; Merangin; Ijen; Raja Ampat; and Rinjani.